Monday, January 31, 2011

Sea Monsters (Ch 7)

Origin

Pontus (element), son of Gaia, fathered hundreds of monsterous deities with his own mother, most of them a mixture of human and animal.

I. Nereus: The archetypal "wise old man" from the sea, Nereus is a shape-shifting seer who aided Heracles in finding the Hespereiades to complete his 11th labour. He fathers 50 Nereids with Doris that bear significant offspring in their days.
     - Thetis, wife of Peleus (who had to wrestle her to win her), mother of Achilles
     - Galatea, wife of Acis, object of desire of Polyphemus (unrequited love results in wrath 
       of Polyphemus, deification of Acis)
     - Amphitrite, wife of Poseidon
Often compared to/synonymous with Proteus ("variable", "taking on different forms") which accounts for the unpredictability of their natures.

II. Thaumas: Manages to father three supernatural daughters.
     - Iris, Goddess of the Rainbow, messenger of Hera
     - Harpy ("snatcher"/"strong winds"), half women half bird vermin
     - Sphinx ("strangler"), the part woman/lion/bird riddler thwarted by Oedipus

III. Phorcys: Mated with his sister Ceto to have a bunch of monsterous kids daughters.
     - 3 Graeae, the "gray ones" from birth, personifications of old age, share 1 eye 1 tooth, thwarted 
       by Perseus on his quest for the head of Medusa, their sister.
     - Gorgans, two immortal, one mortal (Medusa). Said to turn people to stone with one glance.
     - Scylla, once the object of Poseidon's affection, forevermore a sailor's affliction.

Oceanus (titan), son of Uranus and Gaia, fathered over 3000 oceanids with his sister Tethys (One of them Doris, mother of the Nereids)

Literature: Ovid's Metamorphosis, Hesiod's Theogony